垂直起降飞行器动力学与控制一体化地面实验研究
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云南省兴滇人才青年人才及其后续支持项目(YNQR-QNRC-2019-047)


Research on integrated ground experimental study of VTOL aircraft dynamics and control
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    摘要:

    由于对飞行器开展飞行实验的风险及代价较大,因此依据相对性原理模拟实际飞行的地面风洞实验是一种重要的研究方法。本文采用自主设计的动力学与控制一体化地面风洞实验平台,对F450垂直起降飞行器的气动特性进行实时监测,并对位置、姿态、速度的变化进行等效反馈,模拟实际飞行,对飞行器的飞行性能展开研究。通过在不同电机功率下,开展悬停时间与悬停载荷的测试实验,得到了飞行器在悬停状态下的载荷极限和时间极限;通过定风速变重量实验,研究飞行器载荷、速度和动力三者之间的匹配规律,得到了飞行器最佳飞行效率范围;通过定载荷变风速实验,研究飞行器特定载荷下的抗横风性能,得到了飞行器最大飞行速度与抗横风极限;通过风切变操纵特性实验,研究飞行器在不同风速变化下的稳定性,得到了飞行器在特定控制律下的稳态响应。研究结果表明,本文基于自主设计的地面实验平台,提出的飞行性能测试方案具有可行性,相较于飞行实验,具备高效、低成本和低风险的优势。

    Abstract:

    Due to the high risk and cost associated with conducting flight experiments on aircraft, ground-based wind tunnel experiments that simulate actual flight conditions based on the principles of relativity are an essential research method. This paper presents the design of an integrated wind tunnel test platform that combines dynamics and control, capable of real-time monitoring of the aerodynamic characteristics of an aircraft. It provides equivalent feedback on changes in position, attitude, and velocity, thereby simulating actual flight conditions. Using the F450 aircraft model as the experimental subject, this study investigates its performance, determining the relationship between different motor powers and payload with endurance time during hovering, finding the optimal flight efficiency range under various flight speeds, and establishing the maximum flight speed equivalent to the maximum crosswind limit through specific payload varying wind speed tests. Additionally, the aircraft's handling characteristics under wind shear conditions are examined. The results indicate that this platform effectively observes and analyzes flight efficiency, limits, control, and crosswind resistance, offering an efficient, low-cost, and low-risk testing solution for flight performance studies, significantly reducing the cost and risk of actual flight experiments.

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穆力嘉,邓礼,田鏖,杨剑挺*.垂直起降飞行器动力学与控制一体化地面实验研究[J].实验力学,2025,40(5):608~620

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-31
  • 最后修改日期:2025-01-17
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-12-08
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