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| 块系煤岩鞭梢组合体超低摩擦效应试验研究 |
| Experimental design of ultra-low friction effect of whip structure of block rock mass |
| 投稿时间：2024-01-13 修订日期：2024-11-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 煤岩组合体 鞭梢结构 超低摩擦效应 矿山开采 应力波扰动 |
| 英文关键词:coal rock combination whip tip structure ultra low friction effect mining operations stress wave disturbance |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在深部开采作业中，煤岩体越发呈破碎块状形态，冲击扰动作用下，极易发生超低摩擦现象。充分考虑煤岩体“越深部、越破碎”的现场特征，引入“鞭梢组合体”特殊结构，利用自主研制的超低摩擦试验装置，以四块砂岩标准块体与一块煤岩鞭梢工作块体上下叠加组成“鞭梢组合体”。将工作块体水平位移作为反映超低摩擦效应强度的特征指数，探究煤岩鞭梢组合体在轴压、应力波扰动（频率1～3.5Hz，振幅0～1MPa）以及水平冲击共同作用下，工作块体的尺寸、位置、高宽比对组合体超低摩擦效应的影响规律。试验结果表明:（1）煤岩鞭梢组合体的工作块体水平位移存在稳定、突增及二次稳定三个阶段，鞭梢组合体工作块体在水平冲击下的位移随块体尺寸的增加而急剧减小，体现了岩体越破碎，超低摩擦效应越明显。工作块体与标准块体边长之比为0.4时，超低摩擦效应较显著；（2）工作块体距垂直扰动源距离越远，二次稳定阶段位移值越小，超低摩擦效应强度越低；（3）同一工况下，煤岩鞭梢块体高宽比越小，组合体动力响应相对剧烈，组合体动力响应程度不仅与鞭梢高宽比有关，还与其尺寸存在紧密联系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In the deep mining operation， the coal and rock mass are more and more in the form of broken blocks. Under the impact disturbance， the ultra-low friction phenomenon is very easy to occur. Taking into full consideration the on-site characteristics of "deeper and more fractured" coal rock mass， a special structure of "whip tip combination" is introduced. Using a self-developed ultra-low friction test device， four sandstone standard blocks and one coal rock whip tip working block are stacked up and down to form a "whip tip combination". Using the horizontal displacement of the working block as a characteristic index reflecting the strength of ultra-low friction effect， this study investigates the influence of the size， position， and aspect ratio of the working block on the ultra-low friction effect of the coal rock whip tip combination under the combined effects of axial pressure， stress wave disturbance (frequency 1-3.5Hz， amplitude 0-1MPa)， and horizontal impact. The experimental results show that: (1) The horizontal displacement of the working block of the coal rock whip tip combination has three stages: stable， sudden increase， and secondary stability. The displacement of the working block of the whip tip combination under horizontal impact decreases sharply with the increase of block size， reflecting that the more fractured the rock mass is， the more obvious the ultra-low friction effect. When the ratio of the side length of the working block to the standard block is 0.4， the ultra-low friction effect is more significant; (2) The farther the working block is from the vertical disturbance source， the smaller the displacement value during the secondary stability stage， and the lower the intensity of the ultra-low friction effect; (3) Under the same working condition， the smaller the aspect ratio of the coal rock whip tip block， the more intense the dynamic response of the combination. The degree of dynamic response of the combination is not only related to the aspect ratio of the whip tip， but also closely related to its size. |
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