| 张艳华*,李华星,张登成,屈亮,张久星.基于空中发射的运载火箭气动特性实验研究[J].实验力学,2014,29(2):223~230 |
| 基于空中发射的运载火箭气动特性实验研究 |
| Experimental Study of Aerodynamic Characteristics for Air-Launched Carrier Rocket |
| 投稿时间：2013-04-20 修订日期：2013-06-26 |
| DOI：10.7520/1001-4888-13-060 |
| 中文关键词: 空中发射 运载火箭 雷诺数 非对称旋涡 大迎角 |
| 英文关键词:air launch carrier rocket reynolds number asymmetric vortex high angle of attack |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了研究空中发射运载火箭的气动特性，本文针对15°半顶角的圆锥-圆柱组合体火箭模型，在1.2m×1m的低速风洞进行实验研究。利用六分量天平测量0°<α<80°、60m/s以下8个速度的力和力矩特性，基于圆锥底部的雷诺数范围由0.129×106到0.456×106。实验结果显示，随着迎角的增加，火箭流场经历了附体流动、对称旋涡、非对称旋涡到类卡门涡街的变化历程，旋涡的变化决定了火箭的气动特性。特别是30°<α<70°的大迎角区域，侧力受雷诺数的影响明显，反映了雷诺数变化对火箭流场亚临界区域和临界区域的影响规律。为提高火箭纵向稳定性和姿态的调整，设计了收敛-扩张形尾部并进行了实验验证。研究结果可为空射火箭的外形设计和稳定性分析奠定一定的理论基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to study aerodynamic characteristics of air-launched carrier rocket, taking a conical fore body with 15°semi-apex angle and cylindrical after body combination as rocket model, experimental study was carried out in a low-speed wind tunnel. Using a six-component balance, based on Reynolds number range from 0.129×106 to 0.456×106 at the cone bottom, under experimental conditions: 0°<α<80° for angle of attack and 17m/s to 60m/s for air speed, the force and torque characteristics of the model were respectively measured. Results show that the rocket flow field experiences attached flow, symmetric vortex flow, asymmetric vortex flow and quasi Karman vortex street successively, along with the increase of angle of attack, and the variation of vortex dominates the aerodynamic characteristics of rocket. Especially within the high angle of attack range from 25° to 70°, the lateral force is affected obviously by Reynolds number，which reflects the influence of Reynolds number on rocket subcritical flow field region and the critical flow field region. Finally, in order to improve rocket longitudinal stability and to adjust rocket attitude, a convergent -divergent tail was designed and corresponding verification test verification was performed. Above results may provide certain theoretical base for shape design and stability analysis of air-launched carrier rocket. |
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