| 王磊*,刘红菊,王泽康,梁枢果.群体高层建筑风洞试验阻塞比计算方法[J].实验力学,2020,35(6):1049~1059 |
| 群体高层建筑风洞试验阻塞比计算方法 |
| Calculation method of blocking ratio in wind tunnel test for tall building groups |
| 投稿时间：2019-12-30 修订日期：2020-05-06 |
| DOI：10.7520/1001-4888-19-240 |
| 中文关键词: 阻塞效应 风洞试验 高层建筑 折算阻塞比 |
| 英文关键词:blocking effect wind tunnel test tall building reduced blockage ratio |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51708186, 90715023) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了研究高层建筑群体风洞试验阻塞效应，进而提出一个适用于群体高层建筑风洞试验的阻塞比计算方法，针对主体测压模型与周边模型相对位置、相对高度和模型数量不同时的17种情况，分别进行了三种缩尺比的测压模型风洞试验，共计51个试验工况。分析了阻塞效应对风压系数和阻力系数的影响。结果表明，在周边模型与主体模型相对位置不同时，即便阻塞比相同，阻塞效应仍有很大差别。单位阻塞比周边模型造成的阻塞效应通常比单位阻塞比主体模型造成的阻塞效应更为严重。既有阻塞比计算方法只适用于单体建筑风洞试验的情况，用其评估群体建筑风洞试验的阻塞效应，会造成“小阻塞比、大阻塞效应”和“阻塞比相同,阻塞效应不同”等矛盾现象。以阻力系数为研究对象，本文提出了折算阻塞比的概念，可以较好地评估群体建筑阻塞效应的影响程度。在进行实际高层建筑风洞试验时，将折算阻塞比(而不是传统定义的阻塞比)控制在一定范围内是一种更合理的做法。本文所提出的折算阻塞比计算方法可为高层建筑风洞试验缩尺比的确定提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to study the blocking effect of wind tunnel test for tall building with many surrounding buildings, a series of wind tunnel tests of pressure measurement are carried out to develop a calculation method. 17 experimental conditions with different relative position and height and different number of test models between the pressure models and the surrounding models are considered, 3 scale ratio experiments of each experimental condition are carried out, resulting in 51 experimental conditions totally. The influence of the blocking effect on the wind pressure coefficient and the drag coefficient is analyzed. The results show that when the relative positions of the surrounding model and the pressure model are different, the blocking effect are different even at the same blocking ratio. For the unit blocking ratio, the blocking effect caused by the surrounding model is usually greater than that caused by the pressure model itself. The existing calculation method of blocking ratio is only applicable to the wind tunnel test with a single building, which usually results in the contradictory phenomena for the evaluation of the blocking effect of building groups, for example, “large blocking effect for small blocking ratio” and “different blocking effect for the same blocking ratio". Finally, the concept of reduced blocking ratio is proposed, which can consider the blocking effect of wind tunnel test for building groups. It would be reasonable that the reduced blocking ratio in this study rather than the traditionally defined blocking ratio is controlled within a certain range in the wind tunnel test of real high-rise buildings. The calculation method of reduced blocking ratio can provide powerful guidance for determining the scale ratio of wind tunnel test for tall buildings. |
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