| 田勇,俞然刚*,李彦龙,陈源.射孔水平井室内水力压裂物理模拟试验研究[J].实验力学,2021,36(4):563~570 |
| 射孔水平井室内水力压裂物理模拟试验研究 |
| Physical simulation test of indoor hydraulic fracturing in perforated horizontal well |
| 投稿时间：2020-07-14 修订日期：2020-11-29 |
| DOI：10.7520/1001-4888-20-140 |
| 中文关键词: 射孔水平井 水力压裂 人工岩心 泵压曲线 裂缝形态 |
| 英文关键词:perforated horizontal well hydraulic fracturing artificial core pump pressure curve crack morphology |
| 基金项目:山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2020QE288);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51979281) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 开展射孔水平井的室内水力压裂物理模拟试验，对于深入认识水力压裂裂缝的起裂延伸规律和空间展布形态具有重要意义。利用伺服控制的岩石真三轴试验系统，进行人工岩芯不同水平井井筒方位角的水力压裂试验，通过分析全过程记录的泵压参数，结合裂缝三维扫描和裂缝剖切形态观察等方法，初步探讨了射孔水平井水力压裂裂缝的起裂及扩展规律。得出以下结论：试验岩样的泵压曲线均发生了多次波动，表明水力压裂裂缝的起裂及扩展是分多阶段完成的，尤其当水平井井筒方位与水平主应力方向成一定夹角时，泵压曲线的波动次数较多，不易形成压力平台；试验岩样的裂缝均起裂于射孔处，裂缝形态为空间T型裂缝和空间转向裂缝，并且均有扩展至垂直水平最小主应力方向平面上的趋势；结合泵压曲线分析和裂缝形态观察，可以更深入地了解水力裂缝的整个起裂及扩展过程。本文的研究成果可为人工岩芯水力压裂试验的开展和工程现场储层的压裂改造提供技术支持。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The indoor hydraulic fracturing model test of perforated horizontal wells is of great significance for further understanding the cracking extension law and spatial distribution pattern of hydraulic fracturing cracks. Hydraulic fracturing tests of artificial cores with different azimuth angles of horizontal wellbore were carried out by the servo-controlled true triaxial test system of rock. By analyzing the pump pressure parameters recorded in the whole process, combining with three-dimensional scanning of cracks and observation of crack cutting morphology, the initiation and propagation rules of hydraulic fracturing cracks in perforated horizontal wells have been preliminarily discussed. The following conclusions are drawn: the pump pressure curves of three test samples exhibit several fluctuations, indicating that the initiation and expansion of hydraulic fracturing cracks are completed in multiple stages. Especially when a certain angle exists between the azimuth of horizontal wellbore and the direction of horizontal principal stress, the pump pressure curves fluctuate for many times, and it is not easy to form a pressure platform. All the cracks in the three test rock samples originate from the perforation, and the shape of the cracks involves the space T-type cracks and the space turning cracks, and all of them have the tendency to extend to the plane of vertical to the horizontal minimum principal stress directions. Combined with the analysis of pump pressure curve and the observation of crack morphology, the whole crack initiation and expansion processes of hydraulic cracks can be understood more deeply. The research results can provide guidance and reference for hydraulic fracturing test of artificial core and reservoir fracturing reconstruction in engineering field. |
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