| 虞浩,蒋根瑞,陈军校,吕军朋,王思莹*.基于图像处理的蝌蚪匀速直线游泳运动分析[J].实验力学,2023,38(4):483~495 |
| 基于图像处理的蝌蚪匀速直线游泳运动分析 |
| Analysis of kinematic characteristics of tadpole uniform straight swimming based on image processing |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-29 修订日期：2023-03-09 |
| DOI：10.7520/1001-4888-22-210 |
| 中文关键词: 蝌蚪 游泳行为 运动特征 |
| 英文关键词:tadpole swimming behavior kinematic characteristics |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51922065)；武汉理工大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(S202110497136) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 蝌蚪作为两栖类动物变态发育的水生幼体，针对其生物特性的研究较多，但对其行为运动的关注一直较少。作为典型的非流线型游泳动物代表，蝌蚪游泳行为的运动特征和力学机制对相关仿生应用有重要参考意义。本文利用高速摄影技术记录了不同大小和速度的蝌蚪游泳过程，通过图像处理分析游动过程中蝌蚪身体形态的变化，得到了蝌蚪头部偏转角度和尾部摆动频率、变形波长等运动特征参数，并归纳总结了各运动参数随体型、速度等因素的变化规律。根据蝌蚪的身体形态和运动特征，提出了头部转动与尾部摆动二分量组合的游泳运动描述公式，并基于实验数据拟合得到了表征参数，在此基础上对蝌蚪游泳时的流场和力学特性进行了计算分析。研究结果表明:蝌蚪具有可与鱼类相比的游泳能力；中小蝌蚪偏向于相对高频、头部大幅偏转的运动模式，大蝌蚪偏向于相对低频、头部小幅偏转的运动模式；随着相对游泳速度的增加，蝌蚪摆动频率、头部偏转角、尾部摆幅和波长均呈增加趋势；蝌蚪头部偏转的幅值与尾部摆动的频率、幅值呈正相关关系。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As aquatic larvae in the metamorphosis of amphibians, the biological characteristics of tadpoles have been wildly studied, while less attention has been paid to their behavior and movement. However, as a typical swimmer with a non-streamlined body, the kinematic characteristics and mechanical mechanism of tadpoles swimming have important reference significance for bionic applications. This paper recorded the swimming processes of tadpoles with different sizes and speeds using high-speed photography technology. The kinematic parameters such as the head deflection angle, tail-beat frequency, and deformation wavelength were obtained through image analysis and their dependences on the body size, swimming speed, and other factors were summarized. A motion description equation composed of two parts was put forward according to the biological morphology and movement characteristics of tadpoles, which could support further numerical and theoretical analysis of tadpole swimming behavior. The results show that tadpoles have swimming abilities comparable with fishes. Small tadpoles tend to swim with a relatively high frequency and a relatively large head deflection angle, while large tadpoles tend to swim with a relatively low frequency and a small deflection angle. In general, the swimming frequency, head deflection angle, tail swing amplitude, and deformation wavelength of all tadpoles basically increase with the increase of dimensionless swimming speed. In particular, the maximal deflection angle of the tadpole head is positively correlated with the swing frequency and amplitude of its tail. |
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